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Review of researches on VOCs emission and their elimination 该论文来自于----德维在线 www.devay.net | |||||||||||
摘要 简述了挥发性有机物(VOC)对人体健康的影响及国内外现有建筑物中的VOC污染状况,综述了VOC的散发机理及去除设备的研究现状,指出了今后的研究方向。 关键词 挥发性有机物,散发机理,去除设备 Abstract Touches the harmful effects of VOCs on human health an conditions in current buildings at home and abroad, reviews the research status in VOCs emission mechanism and VOCs elimination devises, and presents the future study orientation. Keywords volatile organic compound, emission mechanism, eliminating equipment | |||||||||||
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2 现有建筑中挥发性有机物的情况 请访问----德维在线 www.devay.net 有机污染物的降解机理与其分子结构有关,分子结构不同其降解机理及途径也有差异。Hashimoto等研究了脂肪族化合物的光催化降解机理,认为脂肪烃先于?OH生成醇,并进而氧化为醛和酸,终生成二氧化碳和水[19]。文献[20]指出TiO2光催化反应中,一些芳得族化合物的光催化降解过程往往伴随着多种中间产物的生成。目前,对于各类芳香族化合物的光催化降解机理研究还很不完备,初步研究认为其主要降解机理还是在?OH基的作用下,芳香环结构发生变化,并进一步开环,从而逐步被氧化,最终矿化为二氧化碳、水及小分子无机物。 对室内甲醛和甲苯的研究表明,污染物光催化氧化与其浓度有关,质量数在1×10-4以下的甲醛可完全被光催化分解为二氧化碳和水,而在较高浓度时,则被氧化成为甲酸。高浓度的甲苯光催化降解时,由于生成的难分解的中间产物富集在TiO2周围,阻碍了光催化反应的进行,去除效率非常低,但低浓度时TiO2表面则没有中间产物生成。 文献[21]对非均相光催化技术在室内空气品质控制方面的应用进行了研究。指出光催化氧化技术室内空气中低浓度的VOC有着良好的效果。光催化氧化设备可进行模块化设计,而且气体通过时压力降低可忽略不计,这样很容易加装到中央空调空调的系统中去。美国新泽西州的通用空气技术(UAT)公司已开发生产了落地式及管道式光催化空气交净化与消毒设备[22]。 计算机毕业设计----德维在线 www.devay.net 尽管许多厂家都在研制VOC去除设备,但对于室内多种有机物污染并存的情况,如何描述这些设备的性能及如何用于实际工程中,则是亟待解决的问题。 英语专业毕业设计----德维在线 www.devay.net | |||||||||||
7.1 国内外实测结果表明,目前许多建筑中存在VOC污染。国内这方面的研究刚起步,建议有关部门应规范现有建筑装饰材料,根据有关规范要求,尽快建立建筑装饰材料VOC数据库。
7.2 为了评估建筑装饰材料对室内带来的挥发性有机物,应考虑实际房间中多污染源的问题,通过建立合理的房间污染模型来切实指导空调系统的设计运行和维护。
7.3 针对目前国内外空调房间存在挥发性有机物的污染的问题,应该改变空调系统设计方法即从设计阶段就应该考虑这些污染的去除问题,并开发出用于去除各种污染包括牢固挥发性有机物的高效设备。
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22 http://www.universalair.com